AWWA WQTC60659

The objective of this study was to evaluate pilot scaleadvanced treatment processes to assess the removal efficacy after barriers that include: coagulation and flocculation; clarification; filtration; disinfection; and, the finishedproduct. Challenge testing evaluated the removal efficacy of clarification, granular mediafiltration, and ultrafiltration. In all, eight challenges using waterborne microorganisms andpathogen surrogates were performed using the processes: SuperP blanket clarifier, Actiflomicrosand ballasted clarifier, Granular dual media filters, and Zenon ZeeWeed 500-C ultrafilter.Each process was challenged with pathogen surrogates including bacteria (E. coli),bacteriophages (MS-2 & PRD-1), and 3mm latex beads (surrogates for Cryptosporidiumoocysts). Efficacy of removing background levels of bacteria and viruses was also evaluated.Results indicated that the effectiveness was cumulative. The highest coliform removal wasobserved after the clarifiers with between 2.3 and 2.7 Log₁₀ removed for both the Super Pulsatorand Actiflo systems. Clarifiers removed 3.5 and 3.3 log₁₀ of beads for Super Pulsator andActiflo, respectively. The media filtration steps downstream showed further coliform removalwith between 0.9 and 1.6 log removal for Super Pulsator and Actiflo, respectively. Beadremovals by the media filters were 2.9 and up to 3.8, respectively. Zenon ultrafiltration removedup to 8.5 log₁₀ of the challenged beads and no coliforms were detected in the filtrate. These datasuggest that under proper conditions, all three treatment processes were effective at removingcoliforms and beads. Includes 11 references, tables, figures.

Product Details

Edition:

Vol. - No.

Published:

11/15/2004

Number of Pages:

16

File Size:

1 file , 780 KB