• AWWA WQTC55189
Provide PDF Format

Learn More

AWWA WQTC55189

  • The Role of Dissolved Aluminum in Silica Chemistry for Membrane Processes
  • Conference Proceeding by American Water Works Association, 01/01/2001
  • Publisher: AWWA

$12.00$24.00


The use of aluminum sulfate (alum) coagulation prior to reverse osmosis (RO) treatment has been shown to be problematic. Membrane fouling was theorized to occur through soluble aluminum (Al 3+ ) reacting with ambient silica (H4SiO2) to form kaolinite (Al2Si2O5(OH)4) within the RO unit. Chelating agents (citrate at 34 mg/L and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [EDTA] at 16 mg/L) were tested for their efficacy in controlling aluminum silicate fouling. The results of bench-scale testing demonstrated that both citrate and EDTA did control aluminum silicate formation, citrate more so than EDTA. Additional aluminum-based fouling was encountered when a commercial, phosphonate-based antiscalant--used to control barium sulfate scaling--reacted with the excess aluminum despite the presence of either citrate or EDTA. Includes 30 references, tables, figures.

Related Products

AWWA ACE91137

AWWA ACE91137

Career Education Programs in Philadelphia..

$12.00 $24.00

AWWA CO50826

AWWA CO50826

Removal of Iron and Manganese From Groundwater Using a Unique Combination of Ozone and Ultrafiltrati..

$12.00 $24.00

AWWA C402-95

AWWA C402-95

Asbestos-Cement Transmission Pipe, 18 In. Through 42 In. (450 mm through 1050 mm), for Water Supply ..

$23.00 $45.00

AWWA ACE94285

AWWA ACE94285

Re-Engineering Water Systems to Optimize Operation and Reduce Costs..

$12.00 $24.00