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AWWA WQTC50480
- Controlling Bromate Formation With Ammonia
- Conference Proceeding by American Water Works Association, 01/01/1999
- Publisher: AWWA
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The objectives of this study were: to develop a better understanding of bromamine chemistry, and how it affects bromate formation; and, to investigate the ability of bromate to form in the presence of ammonia. Ammonia reacts with free bromine to form bromamines, which effectively blocks two of the three pathways of bromate formation. Model simulations coupled with experimental data suggest that both dibromamine and monobromamine may predominate, but that tribromamine may also exist under some conditions. The stability of these compounds is still in question, but based on a number of assumptions it is predicted that they would last longer than ozone. Includes 22 references, tables, figures.
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