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AWWA SP250156
- Sulfuric or Hydrochloric Acid Usage in Low Pressure Membrane Pretreatment
- Conference Proceeding by American Water Works Association, 01/01/1991
- Publisher: AWWA
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During the design of a low pressure membrane facility, the pretreatment use of hydrochloric acid is usually not evaluated due to cost considerations. Hydrochloric acid may, however, have some advantages over sulfuric acid including higher attainable recovery rates, and its use results in more hardness in the product water, which aids in improving the product water's stability. Under certain operating conditions, the use of hydrochloric acid can be cost competitive with sulfuric acid and, therefore, should be considered a serious alternative.
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