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AWWA MTC61185
- Removal of Hormones by Nanofiltration: Effects of Hormone Concentration and Natural Organic Matter Fouling on Removal
- Conference Proceeding by American Water Works Association, 03/01/2005
- Publisher: AWWA
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Selected nanofiltration (NF) and ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were tested for the removal ofthe natural hormone, 17ß-estradiol (E2) using a lab-scale cross-flow filtration apparatus housingflat sheet membrane coupons. The primary focus of this study was to understand adsorption anddesorption characteristics of E2 at different water quality and operating conditions. The NFmembranes showed a significant level of adsorption of E2 during the initial stage of filtration.The adsorbed E2 was easily desorbed when the feed solution was replaced with Milli-Q water.UF membranes showed much lower rejection than NF membranes, but did show a significantlevel of adsorption during the initial time period. On-going and future research will explorewhether the results obtained at a high feed concentration are applicable to lower feedconcentrations typical of those found in water treatment plants. The effect of natural organicmatter (NOM) fouling of the membranes will also be considered. Includes 7 references, figures.
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