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AWWA ACE65281
- Desalination with Zero Liquid Discharge
- Conference Proceeding by American Water Works Association, 06/01/2007
- Publisher: AWWA
$12.00$24.00
This powerpoint presentation outlines the concentrate management process of zero liquid discharge (ZLD). Topics outlined include: established ZLD technologies; energy required for water phase changes; energy required for desalination; evaporation ponds can be expensive; technical approach; sparingly soluble salts; processes evaluated for concentrate treatment; summary of precipitation; effect of seeding; Fluidized Bed Crystallizer (Crystalactor); advantages of crystallization; water sources tested; research approach; Fluidized Bed Crystallizer vs. ChemicalSoftening; Barium was removed in proportion to calciumremoval; high pH required for silica removal; Silica removed with precipitation of Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>; Silica effectively removed with alum orsodium aluminate; comparison of costs and energy consumption; treatment cost $/kgal concentrate recovered; energy reduction; and, comparison of energy consumption byprocess.
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