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AWWA ACE62970
- DBPs in Consecutive Distribution System: Results of Utility Survey
- Conference Proceeding by American Water Works Association, 06/01/2006
- Publisher: AWWA
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This slide presentation outlines a study to: define the term "Consecutive Systems" (CS) - water system purchasing water from another system, earlier regulation non-specific, andspecific under Stage 2 DBP Rule; DBP control strategies for CS - characterize DBPs in CS and WS based on historicalsurveys and sampling survey, develop a hold study protocol for CS,understand impact of storage facility operation,evaluate booster disinfection; and, answer the following questions:how does a WS and CS set water quality goals at thepoint of purchase; what is the best management practice for water agein CS; and, what are the feasible options for WSs to assist CSsfor complying with DBP Rule? The project approach included: historical survey;sampling survey;development of hold study approach;bench-scale evaluation of disinfection strategies;evaluation of storage facilities; and, AwwaRF Reports. Summary of the utility survey included:large portion of the contacted utilities participated on thissurvey;utility survey provided valuable information on disinfectionpractices for both WSs and CSs;WS with source water of higher TOC or bromide (DBPprecursors) practiced non-Cl<sub>2</sub>/Cl<sub>2</sub> system; and,equal number of WS either practiced Cl<sub>2</sub>/Cl<sub>2</sub> and/orCl<sub>2</sub>/NH<sub>2</sub>Cl, whereas larger portion of CSs practiced Cl<sub>2M</sub>/NH<sub>2</sub>Cl.Summary of DBPs precursors included:for both WSs and CSs meeting the 80% MCLs (64 µg/L) ofTTHMs will require finished water TOC ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ 3.0 mg/L;for both WSs and CSs meeting the 80% MCLs (48 µg/L) ofHAA5 will require finished water TOC ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ 4.0 mg/L. Summary at distributions included:for both WSs and CSs dominant DBP in distribution isTTHMs;the dominance of TTHMs is greater for Cl<sub>2</sub>/NH<sub>2</sub>Cl systemto Cl<sub>2</sub>/Cl<sub>2</sub> system;TTHMs and HAA5 growth (i.e., of finished to distributedwater) is similar for Cl<sub>2</sub>/Cl<sub>2</sub> system but reduces forCl<sub>2</sub>/NH<sub>2</sub>Cl system;HAA5 slightly decreases in distribution system; and,no significant relationship were found on this survey forDBPs with water age. Includes tables, figures.
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