AWWA ACE54465

In this study, conducted in Seattle, Washington and sponsored by the US Environmental Protection Agency and Seattle Public Utilities (SPU), 37 homes were retrofit with water conserving fixtures including ultralow flush (ULF) toilets, horizontal axis clothes washers, low flow (LF) showerheads, and LF faucets to determine what savings in indoor demand can be achieved. In 1996, Seattle Public Utilities, along with 11 other water providers, participated in the Residential End Uses of Water study (REUWS) headed by Aquacraft. The REUWS project succeeded in assembling an extraordinary data set of water use from a cross section of single family customers. However, the data from the REUWS lack depth because so few of the participating homes were equipped with conserving fixtures and appliances. As a consequence, the REUWS detailed the current state of water use well, but did not shed sufficient light on the potential impacts of water conservation through retrofits with high efficiency plumbing fixtures and appliances. The Seattle Home Water Conservation Study (SHWCS) provided a remedy to this situation through a paired sample study. In this study, water use patterns of a sample of the Seattle REUWS study homes were tested both before and after a retrofit of indoor fixtures, to detect the impact of the program on both aggregate and individual water use patterns. Many of the results from this study were published in the March 2001 issue of the Journal AWWA. This paper is a companion piece to that article. We have endeavored to duplicate as few results as possible in this paper so that additional results from this study are available in an available published format. Includes 6 references, tables, figures.

Product Details

Edition:

Vol. - No.

Published:

06/01/2001

Number of Pages:

15

File Size:

1 file , 370 KB